► Understanding Common Errors
Every programmer encounters errors. Knowing the most common errors and their solutions helps you debug faster and write better code. This guide covers typical beginner mistakes and how to fix them.
► Real-World Analogy
Think of common errors like traffic problems:
» Wrong turns (syntax errors) – you need to follow the road signs
» Running out of gas (runtime errors) – you need to check resources
» Going the wrong direction (logic errors) – you reach a destination but it’s wrong
» Following a map correctly prevents mistakes
» Learning from past wrong turns makes you a better driver
► Key Concepts
✓ SyntaxError: Missing colons, brackets, quotes
✓ IndentationError: Wrong spacing in Python
✓ NameError: Using undefined variables
✓ TypeError: Wrong data type operations
✓ IndexError: Accessing invalid list positions
■ Code Examples
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# Error 1: Missing colon # Wrong: # def greet() # print("Hello") # Correct: def greet(): print("Hello") # Error 2: IndentationError # Wrong: # if True: # print("Indented") # Correct: if True: print("Properly indented") # Error 3: NameError # Wrong: # print(undefined_variable) # Correct: message = "Hello" print(message) # Error 4: IndexError my_list = [1, 2, 3] # Wrong: print(my_list[5]) # Correct: if len(my_list) > 5: print(my_list[5]) else: print("Index out of range") # Error 5: TypeError # Wrong: result = "5" + 10 # Correct: result = int("5") + 10 print(result) |